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What is a concussion?

A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or by a hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth. It is a serious condition that requires specialized medical expertise. The majority of concussions are not associated with a loss of consciousness. After an injury to the head, a person with a concussion may not be able to recall events around the injury time, may appear dazed or stunned, be confused, move clumsily, speak slowly, or have other behavior changes. Other concussion symptoms include headache, nausea, sensitivity to light or noise, dizziness, confusion, and changes in attention, concentration, and/or memory.

Signs and symptoms

If you suspect you or someone else has a concussion, monitor for the following symptoms:

  • Loss of consciousness: Even a brief loss of consciousness warrants medical evaluation. However, most concussions do not involve losing consciousness and instead result in altered awareness.
  • Confusion or memory issues: The individual may appear dazed, unable to answer simple questions, or forget the incident.
  • Clumsiness or unsteady movements
  • Slow speech or behavioral changes
  • Headache
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Sensitivity to light or noise
  • Dizziness
  • Difficulty concentrating or remembering information

Emergency symptoms

Seek immediate medical attention or call 911 if any of the following occur:

  • Loss of consciousness
  • Convulsions or seizures
  • Severe confusion or inability to recognize familiar people or places
  • Repeated vomiting
  • Unequal pupil size
  • Difficulty waking up
  • Slurred speech, weakness, numbness or lack of coordination

Signs and Symptoms PDF

Risk factors

Certain individuals are at higher risk of complications from a concussion, such as older adults on blood thinners. If someone in this category experiences a head injury, prompt medical attention is essential to rule out brain bleeding.

Do you suspect a concussion?

If you or your child have a concussion, or if you’ve been diagnosed and need additional care for lingering symptoms, call 541-382-7329 to make an appointment. At the first visit, a physical medicine and rehabilitation provider trained in concussion management will evaluate the patient. Patients will leave with a customized plan to get them back to activity. The appointment may include:

  • Cognitive testing
  • Assessment for school accommodations
  • Assessment for speech therapy. (This is sometimes needed to give strategies for children that compensate for symptoms of confusion, lack of concentration, or problems multi-tasking.)
  • Vision assessment
  • Social/emotional evaluation; if a patient is depressed or has anxiety about concussion, they may need to see a neuropsychologist for more in-depth assessment
  • Balance assessment
  • Neck pain and injury assessment; with referrals to physical therapy as needed

Concussion management

For ongoing concussion management, we holds concussion clinics to help patients manage the symptoms that can linger for months after their injury.

The St. Charles Center for Orthopedics & Neurosurgery coordinates care with athletic trainers, providers from High Desert Education Service District (HDESD), neuropsychologists, neurooptometry, speech therapists, occupational therapists and physical therapists. For more information, ask your primary care provider or call us at 541-382-3344.

Collaborative concussion support in schools

When a student has a concussion, it’s critical that the school staff knows what to do to ensure the student’s best chance of concussion recovery. The St. Charles Center interfaces with the athletic trainers in Bend, La Pine, Crook County, Sisters and Madras high schools, which allows us to implement our concussion treatment protocols within the high schools. Often times, the follow-up post-injury testing can be done at the high school. When a younger child has a concussion, we keep in close touch with school nurses and counselors. If there are more complex needs, we work closely with High Desert Education Service District (HDESD) to ensure that we provide collaborative support.

Virginia Tech has done extensive research to help parents evaluate youth helmets. Click below to view their ratings*.

*This information is for informational purposes only. The Center does not recommend any specific helmet type. Any player in any sport can sustain a head injury with even the very best head protection.

Helmet Ratings

Concussion resources

For more information on concussion, visit these websites:

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Grand Rounds - February 7, 2025
"Illicit Drug Update: What’s Trending and What’s Pending"

Speaker: Richard Shih, MD. Professor of Clinical Biomedical Science, Director of the Division of Emergency; Medicine and Program Director of the Emergency Medicine Residency Program, Florida Atlantic University.

 

 

Objectives

  1. Manage “date rape” OD/poisoning by recognizing the effects and street terminology.
  2. Assess possible “designer drug” use and recognize the limitations of laboratories in identification.
  3. Differentiate between the (2) primary methods illicit drugs are obtained for personal use and the common associated demographics.

Accreditation: St. Charles Health System is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. St. Charles Health System designates this live activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)TM.

The period to claim credit for this activity expires one year after its original publication. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Claim Credit

Target Audience: Physicians, Nurses, Pharmacists, Allied Health Professionals.

Accessibility/Program Questions: St. Charles Health System encourages persons with disabilities to participate in its programs and activities. If you anticipate needing any type of accommodation or have questions about the physical access provided, please contact Continuing Medical Education at [email protected].

Oher CME or Clerkship questions: also contact Continuing Medical Education at [email protected].

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St. Charles is sad to announce beloved former CEO Jim Lussier passed away Friday, Jan. 31. He will be deeply missed.

Lussier — a long-time caregiver and volunteer for the organization in addition to being CEO — passed away peacefully Friday, Jan. 31 at St. Charles Bend surrounded by his loved ones. He was 82 years old.

Hired by Sister Catherine Hellman in 1970, Jim was a beloved figure at St. Charles for more than 50 years, often spotted even in his retirement walking the hospital halls, working out in the caregiver gym or having coffee in the cafeteria while wearing his signature red beret. He had a twinkle in his eye and a smile on his face for every caregiver, patient or family member he passed along the way.

"Jim loved St. Charles like no one else," said Dr. Steve Gordon, president and CEO. "He has been an unwavering ally and champion for this organization. His passion for St. Charles came through in every conversation and I will personally miss him and the guidance he's provided. I'd like to thank Jim for creating a foundation of love and compassion that this organization still embraces and stands for today."

Every year, Jim would visit patients in the hospital on Christmas Eve dressed as an elf with a friend dressed as Santa, bringing cheer to those who couldn't be home for the holidays. After retiring from the organization in 2004, Jim served faithfully on the St. Charles Foundation Board of Directors helping to raise funds for the health system he loved so dearly. He was a prominent figure in recent years at the Heaven Can Wait 5K where he cheered every participant across the finish line.

In addition to his many contributions to St. Charles, Jim is a well-known community figure who was deeply involved in Rotary, City Club, the University of Oregon alumni association and was a proud founder of Volunteers in Medicine. When the new St. Charles ICU Tower opened in 2019, community members and family foundations came together to raise funds in Jim's honor. The tower is named for him – a fact he loved to share when visiting with staff.

Telling the story of his history with St. Charles a few years ago, Jim shared that in his first role as personnel director in 1970 he was tasked with overseeing the construction of the current St. Charles Bend hospital on a site east of Bend, which at the time was considered the outskirts of town. During his 38 years of employment with the organization, including 15 as CEO, Jim also oversaw the merger between St. Charles and Central Oregon District Hospital in Redmond, along with many other monumental changes in technology and medical services.

But he was always most proud of the St. Charles culture of caring.

"My proudest moment was the development of our caregivers," he said. "Our nurses are unbelievably caring. Sister Catherine wanted, as I did, staff that were dedicated to healing and health care and we built a culture around that."

Details regarding a memorial service and how best to share condolences will be shared once they are available. If you wish to make a donation to St. Charles Foundation in honor of Jim, you can do so here.

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Michael Hartke, MBA
Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer

Michael Hartke has comprehensive responsibility for all organizational operations including all service lines, clinics, hospitals and ancillary services. He holds a bachelor’s degree from Northern Illinois University and a Master of Business Administration degree from Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University in Chicago.

Michael has 25 years of health care leadership experience, including 10 years as chief operating officer of Northwest Community Healthcare, a division of Endeavor Health, in Arlington Heights, Ill.

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I’ve spent time meeting with many local business leaders in recent weeks and have been hearing many positive comments about our region, our community and how most local businesses produce goods and services closely tied to our quality of life. We have incredible local restaurants, recreational activities and so much more that make Central Oregon a place we are proud to call home.

These conversations have also led me to think more critically about the role St. Charles plays — not only as the largest provider of health care in the region, but as the largest employer. What benefit do our friends and neighbors receive simply by St. Charles continuing to exist as a nonprofit organization that is locally owned and where every dollar goes back into our people, programs and places?

We recently asked East Slope Economics, a Bend-based firm, to produce a report on the health system’s economic impact. Here are just a few highlights that I think are worth calling out:

  • Of the approximately 7,400 jobs directly and indirectly supported by St. Charles, 41% are health care clinicians or directly support clinicians. The rest work in information services, educational instruction, food preparation, community and social services, administration and other areas.
  • The vast majority of the nearly 5,000 folks directly employed by St. Charles live in Central Oregon. They account for nearly 4.7% of total employment in Deschutes County and around 3.5% of total employment in Crook and Jefferson counties. Roughly one in 20 jobs are St. Charles jobs – which means if you go a movie, a busy restaurant or a concert there is a high likelihood someone – or many people – in the crowd work for St. Charles.
  • Our average wage is more than $109,000 — 75% higher than the average wage in Deschutes County. In addition to our caregivers’ local spending at area businesses, we contribute an estimated $40 million in annual income taxes to the state of Oregon.
  • The economic impact of those 5,000 jobs is nearly $871 million. Meanwhile, the economic impact of St. Charles’ business spending is around $202 million, and the impact of our caregivers’ spending is about $377 million.
  • Add it all up and you have a total economic impact of approximately $1.45 billion — yes, billion. That’s roughly 5% of total economic output from the entire region.

It’s important to note that our economic impact doesn’t end with direct spending and jobs. There’s a ripple effect: Providing access to quality care and critical services leads to improved health outcomes for Central Oregonians, which leads to things like decreased spending on health services and increased workforce productivity.

Having this information has been helpful as I’ve also been listening to and learning from other local business operators over the past few weeks. In addition to the pride they feel in our region, I also hear concerns that Oregon has developed a reputation as a state that is unfriendly to business. These concerns were echoed and substantiated by Oregon Business & Industry in a recent and comprehensive report. This year CNBC gave Oregon an “F” for business friendliness

These are concerns that we at St. Charles share. Our long-term sustainability relies on the same trends supporting, or hindering, all local businesses. Our vitality is intimately linked with our region’s overall vibrancy.

My big takeaway from East Slope’s findings and listening to the voice of our local businesses? Our health system is an essential engine for a lot of good in Central Oregon — good that starts in our clinics and hospitals and stretches out to the far edges of the region, touching every individual, business and organization along the way. To maintain it, it’s imperative that our region adopts a renewed and thoughtful approach to continued economic development.

Sincerely,
Steve 

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For Erin Mackie, caring for the people of Crook County has always been a family affair.

Her mother, Kim Crofcheck, ran the Prineville Medical Clinic for 10 years — from 1997 to 2007, before it was a St. Charles facility — managing the practices of eight different doctors. And her grandfather, Thomas Matheson, was a family practice physician in town for four decades.

“I remember they used to do after-hours physicals for the community and we were always helping out with those and checking people in, giving them their paperwork, stuff like that,” Mackie said. “It was just a volunteer, small-town thing, but being there and seeing what they were doing for the community was really cool.”

When it was time for her to go off to college, Mackie thought she wanted to work in the health care industry, but she didn’t want to do clinical work. She ended up studying business management and eventually moved back to Central Oregon, where she has worked for St. Charles for the past seven years, first in operations for the health system’s professional development department and then doing policy work for the Quality team.

She lived and worked in Bend, and didn’t think she’d ever move back home. But last year, a position became available there: Manager of St. Charles’ Prineville Family Care Clinic — the same job her mom held a generation ago.

“I said, ‘OK, let’s put our house in Bend on the market and see what happens.’ It sold in 48 hours,” Mackie said. “I looked at my husband and said, ‘Maybe we’re moving to Prineville.’”

Kim Crofcheck was thrilled, of course. She moved to Prineville when she was 6 years old, attended Lewis & Clark College in Portland and managed a medical clinic in Salem for 10 years before moving back to her hometown in 1997. Community health care work runs deep in the family, she said.

“My dad’s a doctor. My mom was a lab tech who did research on childhood leukemia. My brother’s a doctor. My uncle’s a doctor. Everyone’s in medicine,” she said. “I thought, ‘I’m going to do something different.’ So I got degrees in business and Spanish.”

After leaving the Prineville clinic in 2007, Crofcheck got her teaching degree and became a Spanish instructor at Crook County High School, where she still works. These days, she’s busy building the school’s business program.

“She’s just one of those people who always wants to learn and do things, and my grandfather was all about education, too. That’s just something that has been big in our family — growing and developing,” said Mackie, whose father Dan and sister Sarah are teachers. “I didn’t think I’d ever be in a management position and back in Prineville, but I think within the context of my family, it’s important that I take this next step.”

She’s ready for the job, according to someone who should know: Her mother.

“I loved that job because every day is different. There’s always something that needs your attention and needs to be fixed,” Crofcheck said. “That’s Erin’s personality. She and I are similar that way. So I encouraged her to go after it. I told her health care and education are two places where you can make a significant difference and give back to your community. And I told her, ‘You’ll be fine.’”

Nine months after accepting the position, Mackie is more than fine, actually. She distinctly remembers how much her mom loved the job, and she’s starting to see why.

“I’m really enjoying this, and it’s nice to be back in the community,” she said. “The older you get, the more you understand that your family and the place you grew up is as important as anything else in life.”

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In 2024, St. Charles Foundation awarded nearly $90,000 in scholarships to 28 individuals pursuing health care careers, helping St. Charles caregivers and community members pursue secondary education and training in nursing, pharmacy, phlebotomy, Medical Assistant training and more.

Jordan Machtelinckx, who currently serves as a tech in the Emergency Department at St. Charles Bend, received a $5,250 scholarship to pursue a Bachelor of Science of Nursing degree through a new accelerated BSN program in Bend through Oregon Health & Sciences University. He is the first recipient of the new Dr. Lowery-North Nursing Scholarship and Education Fund, which was established in honor of Dr. Doug Lowery-North who practiced emergency medicine for three decades and served as a flight surgeon in the Air National Guard.  

Machtelinckx says the scholarship makes a meaningful impact on his life. “It makes a huge difference and eases the stress, allowing me to focus on the education,” said Machtelinckx. The 33-year-old Bend resident also volunteers with Deschutes County Search and Rescue and has a long history of being involved in wilderness medicine. He hopes to continue to work at St. Charles after graduating from the program later this year.

St. Charles Foundation director Jenny O’Bryan says funding scholarships is a way to help fuel health care careers and give St. Charles caregivers an opportunity to expand and grow in their professions.

“Through this scholarship program, Foundation donors are helping community members pursue their dreams while also growing our health care workforce. It’s a wonderful program worth celebrating,” said O’Bryan.   

The scholarship fund is one of many ways the Foundation helps support the health of Central Oregonians. Learn more about the efforts of the St. Charles Foundation: https://foundation.stcharleshealthcare.org/.  

About St. Charles Foundation

The mission of St. Charles Foundation is to support St. Charles Health System in the delivery and advancement of world-class health care in Central Oregon and achieve its strategic goals. Philanthropic donations fund innovation in programming, building expansions and initiatives that improve the patient experience. The St. Charles Foundation works with the community to develop and steward philanthropic resources to fund programs and capital projects that improve health, prevent disease, enhance quality of life and provide the highest quality care possible for all St. Charles patients now and in the future.

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Today St. Charles Health System announced the recipients of a variety of Community Benefit grants, awarding more than $155,000 to 29 organizations in Central Oregon. The grants were awarded to provide basic needs, to support local diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives, to sponsor local events and as part of St. Charles’ Priority Grant to increase a sense of belonging and reduce loneliness and isolation.

Local nonprofit Prevention Intervention Recovery Services by SriPonya received $15,000 to help support a new drop-in space in Madras for youth. It’s a one of the many ways the organization is working to help students develop life skills and resilience to avoid drug and alcohol addiction.

PIRS President John Charles says that the grant from St. Charles aimed at reducing loneliness and increasing belonging will make a big difference in the organization’s ability to open the new space, which is set to open within the month in downtown Madras.

“We will have food, computers and support to help students succeed and be their authentic selves,” said Charles. The group also hosts a sports program in Warm Springs and Prineville as well as numerous programs, workshops and other efforts for youth and adults across the Tri-County region – all in support of prevention, intervention and recovery. “We are coming in with our sleeves rolled up and we are here to help and really want to serve,” said Charles.

Applications are open now through Feb. 28 for the next round of grants from the Community Benefit team at St. Charles. Organizations can learn more and apply on the website.

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Grand Rounds - January 24, 2025
"Contemporary Tobacco Control Issues: Ecigarettes, Tobacco Treatment, and Lung Cancer Screening"

Speaker: Michael B. Steinberg, M.D., MPH, FACP. Medical Director, Rutgers Institute for Nicotine and Tobacco Studies; Interim Executive Vice Chair and Vice Chair for Clinical Research, Department of Medicine Professor and Chief, Division of General Internal Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School.

 

 

Objectives

  1. Describe recent health, policy, and epidemiological issues related to the use of tobacco products and electronic cigarettes/vaping devices and the concept of harm reduction.
  2. Utilize the current evidence regarding tobacco dependence treatment techniques including the evidence for ENDS use in smoking cessation.
  3. Review the misperceptions regarding nicotine among the general population and physicians.

Accreditation: St. Charles Health System is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. St. Charles Health System designates this live activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)TM.

The period to claim credit for this activity expires one year after its original publication. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Claim Credit

Target Audience: Physicians, Nurses, Pharmacists, Allied Health Professionals.

Accessibility/Program Questions: St. Charles Health System encourages persons with disabilities to participate in its programs and activities. If you anticipate needing any type of accommodation or have questions about the physical access provided, please contact Continuing Medical Education at [email protected].

Oher CME or Clerkship questions: also contact Continuing Medical Education at [email protected].

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