Understanding malnutrition

Malnutrition is a condition that occurs when a person doesn't get the right balance of nutrients. This imbalance can manifest in two main ways: undernutrition and overnutrition.

Undernutrition

Undernutrition happens when a person isn’t getting enough essential nutrients, which can lead to:

  • Wasting: Extreme weight loss and muscle wasting.

  • Stunting: Reduced growth and development in children.

  • Underweight: Being significantly lighter than average for one's age.

Overnutrition

Overnutrition occurs when there is an excess of nutrients or calories, leading to:

  • Obesity: Excess body fat that can cause health issues.

  • Nutrient Toxicity: Health problems caused by overconsumption of certain vitamins or minerals.

Malnutrition can result from a variety of factors, including:

  • Inadequate Food Intake: Not having enough food or access to a variety of nutritious options.

  • Poor Dietary Choices: Eating too many processed or unhealthy foods.

  • Health Conditions: Diseases or disorders that affect how the body absorbs or uses nutrients.

  • Environmental Factors: Issues like natural disasters or conflicts that disrupt food supplies.

The effects of malnutrition are serious and can affect physical health, mental well-being, and social and economic stability. Addressing malnutrition involves improving food security, making better dietary choices, and providing medical and nutritional support.